SCI
28July
Alternative tumour- specific antigensDelirium
Smith CC, Selitsky SR, Chai S, Armistead PM, Vincent BG, Serody JS. Alternative tumour-specific antigens. Nat Rev Cancer .
Benjamin G. Vincent; Jonathan S. Serody 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNC School of Medicine, Marsico Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. E-mail: benjamin_vincent@med.unc.edu; jonathan_serody@med.unc.edu
The study of tumour- specific antigens (TSAs) as targets for antitumour therapies has accelerated within the past decade. The most commonly studied class of TSAs are those derived from non- synonymous single- nucleotide variants (SNVs), or SNV neoantigens. However, to increase the repertoire of available therapeutic TSA targets, ‘alternative TSAs’, defined here as high- specificity tumour antigens arising from non- SNV genomic sources, have recently been evaluated. Among these alternative TSAs are antigens derived from mutational frameshifts, splice variants, gene fusions, endogenous retroelements and other processes.
肿瘤特异性抗原(TSAs)作为抗肿瘤治疗靶点的研究在过去十年中迅速发展。最常被研究的一类TSAs是那些来自非同义单核苷酸变异(SNVs)，或SNV的新抗原。然而，为了增加现有的TSA靶点，“选择性TSAs”(此处定义为非SNV基因组来源产生的高特异性肿瘤抗原)最近受到关注。在这些选择性TSAs中，有来自框移突变、剪接变异、基因融合、内源性逆转录子和其他过程产生的抗原。
Unlike the patient- specific nature of SNV neoantigens, some alternative TSAs may have the advantage of being widely shared by multiple tumours, allowing for universal, off- the-shelf therapies. In this Opinion article, we will outline the biology , available computational tools, preclinical and/or clinical studies and relevant cancers for each alternative TSA class, as well as discuss both current challenges preventing the therapeutic application of alternative TSAs and potential solutions to aid in their clinical translation.
与SNV新抗原的患者特异性不同，一些选择性TSAs可能具有多个肿瘤共抗原的优势，使其成为通用的、现成的治疗方法。在这篇观点文章中，我们将概述每一个选择性TSA类的生物学、可用的计算工具、临床前和/或临床研究以及相关癌症，并讨论当前阻碍选择性TSAs治疗应用的挑战以及帮助其临床转化的潜在解决方案。
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